Home solar reference

Does home solar pay for itself?

Straight numbers on home solar, batteries and your power bill. Put in your bill, get a system size and a payback figured on the gross installed price, then read the briefing behind every number.

Rooftop solar panels on a house in afternoon sun
Solar payback calculatorStart from your bill. See the system size, the gross cost and the payback.
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What to price
What this tool assumes
Electricity rate
$0.17 per kWh
Peak sun hours
5.2 per day
System derate
0.85
Installed cost
$2.90 per watt (gross)
Bill offset
85%

National planning values, not a lookup for your address. Local sun, utility rates and installer pricing all move the result.

Your estimate
Simple payback10.6 years20-year savings: $44,880
System size8.2 kW
Est. annual savings$2,244
Upfront investment (gross installed price)$23,728

No federal residential tax credit is applied. Section 25D was terminated by Public Law 119-21 and is not available for any property placed in service after December 31, 2025, so this payback is figured on the gross installed price. Ask your own utility or state energy office about programs where you live, and a qualified tax professional about your own position.

Read the payback briefingNothing to sign up for, nothing collected.
  • 66 guidesEvery one runs the numbers
  • Updated Oct 28, 2026Most recent revision
  • Gross pricesNo assumed tax credit
  • No signupCalculator runs in your browser
Start here

Start with the question you came with

Browse all 66 guides →
  1. 01Getting Started

    7 Steps to Going Solar: How to Install Panels

    7 steps to going solar: check roof fit, size the system from a year of bills, price it gross, compare quotes, clear permitting, then install and switch on.

  2. 02Cost

    How Much Do Solar Panels Cost in 2026?

    This briefing prices home solar at roughly $2.50 to $3.50 per watt installed, with no federal residential credit left to subtract, plus the payback math.

  3. 03Batteries

    Are Solar Batteries Worth It? The Payback Math

    Are solar batteries worth it? This briefing runs the honest math on cost, net metering, time-of-use rates, payback, and sizing for your own home and tariff.

  4. 04Batteries

    Tesla Powerwall Cost: Powerwall 3 Price and Install

    Tesla Powerwall cost, priced honestly: the illustrative hardware price, the fully installed total, the installation slice on its own, and what moves it.

  5. 05Payback

    Solar Panel Payback Period: When Do They Pay Off?

    Solar panel payback period, worked out: with no federal credit, break-even lands near 10 to 15 years. See the formula, the variables, and the 25-year net.

  6. 06Sizing

    How Many Solar Panels Do You Need for a House?

    This briefing turns your kilowatt-hours, sun hours and roof into a real panel count: the sizing formula worked in full, roof-fit limits, and one full example.

  7. 07Getting Started

    How to Read a Solar Quote (7 Steps)

    This field guide shows how to read a solar proposal in seven steps: system size, price per watt, production, payment terms, and red flags before you sign.

How we handle numbers

Three rules we apply to every figure on the site

You can check all three without leaving this page.
Gross prices, no assumed creditNothing on this site subtracts a federal residential tax credit. Section 25D ended for systems placed in service after December 31, 2025.
Payback math, shownOpen "How we got this" under any result and every step of the arithmetic is printed, with the rate and derate we used.
Illustrative figures, labelledThese are planning estimates, not a quote. Your roof, your utility and your bids move every one of them.
Freshness

Recently revised

Rates, prices and rules move. These were the last four we went back over.
Latest

Newest briefings

View all briefings →
An aerial view of a suburban neighborhood with rooftop solar arrays visible on many of the houses along a curving street lined with treesNewest briefing
Basics

Are Solar Panels Bad for the Environment?

Are solar panels bad for the environment? This briefing covers the manufacturing footprint, energy payback time, materials, water use, and end of life.

26 min read
A two story house with cream siding and a solar array on the front roof slope, glowing in warm late afternoon light
Basics

Are Solar Panels Worth It? Pros, Cons, Payback

Are solar panels worth it? This briefing weighs the financial, environmental, and practical case together, with the honest downsides and who should skip it.

25 min read
A small desktop model solar panel on a stand beside papers covered in bar, line, and pie charts on a wooden desk
Owning & Maintaining

Solar Panels and Your Homeowners Insurance

Solar panels and homeowners insurance: do you need to tell your insurer, will your premium rise, what a policy covers, and what a claim actually involves.

25 min read
An open electrical service panel and meter mounted on a house's exterior siding, showing breakers and red and black wiring inside
Getting Started

Solar Panels for New Construction Homes

Solar panels for new construction: what solar-ready wiring means, builder-installed solar vs adding it later, mortgage financing, and the questions to ask.

25 min read
Close-up of a dark monocrystalline solar panel's cell grid mounted on a terracotta tile roof under a clear sky
Getting Started

Plug-In Solar Panels: What They Actually Power

Plug-in solar panels let a renter or apartment owner add real generating capacity without a permit or rooftop array, inside limits worth knowing first.

25 min read
A white wall-mounted home battery unit installed on an exterior stucco wall beside a stone accent wall and a small green plant
Backup power

Solar Generator vs Home Battery: What Differs

A solar generator is a portable battery pack you charge from an outlet or panel; a home battery is wired permanently into your panel. Here is what differs.

26 min read
Two installers in hard hats and reflective vests fitting a dark solar panel into an array on a terracotta tile roof under a clear blue sky
Getting Started

Best Time of Year to Install Solar Panels

This briefing times a solar install around installer backlogs, weather and permitting rather than the sun, and shows why winter often finishes fastest.

26 min read
A hand pointing at one breaker in an open residential electrical panel, with a column of black breaker switches beside a handwritten circuit directory
Cost

Electrical Panel Upgrade Cost for Solar

Electrical panel upgrade cost for solar explained line by line: when the 120 percent rule actually forces one, what a 200A upgrade runs, and cheaper fixes.

25 min read
Close-up of dark solar panels mounted on a terracotta tile roof under a clear blue sky, with no installer or equipment visible in frame
Buying solar

DIY Solar Panel Installation: Costs and Risks

DIY solar panel installation explained: what you can legally do yourself, what still needs a licensed electrician, and how the real costs and savings compare.

26 min read
How WattBarn works

We do the boring math so a salesperson can't do it for you

Solar quotes are designed to be confusing. WattBarn exists to make them legible: what a system should cost, what it should save, and how long payback really takes in your state.

  • The arithmetic is on the page. Every calculator result opens into the steps that produced it, including the electricity rate, sun hours, derate and cost per watt we used. If you disagree with an assumption you can see exactly which one to change.
  • Costs are gross installed prices. No figure anywhere on this site subtracts a federal residential tax credit, because there is none left to subtract for systems placed in service from 2026 onward.
  • How this site is funded. This site carries no affiliate links and no advertising. No link earns a commission. It never changes the numbers in the calculator or which products a guide recommends. The full explanation is on the disclosure page.

Every number on the site is illustrative. No figure anywhere on WattBarn applies a federal residential tax credit: the Residential Clean Energy Credit under IRC section 25D was terminated by Public Law 119-21 and is not available for any property placed in service after December 31, 2025, with the test being when the original installation was completed rather than when it was ordered, contracted or paid for. State and utility programs vary by location, so take those to your own utility or state energy office and your own tax position to a qualified tax professional.

Get a solar cost breakdown by email

Tell us about your home and we will email you a breakdown of what a system sized to a bill like yours typically costs, and how long it takes to pay back. We are not an installer or a broker, we do not sell systems, and we cannot quote your roof.

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